The difference between qualitative and quantitative data lies in their core approach and the type of data they collect:
Qualitative Data
Nature
Qualitative research is exploratory and seeks to understand human behavior, beliefs, feelings, and experiences. It delves into the ‘how’ and ‘why’ of decision processes, not just what, where, when.
Data Type
It collects non-numerical data, using words, descriptions, images, or symbols to depict the subject of study in a detailed and comprehensive manner.
Methods
Common methods include interviews, focus groups, open-ended surveys, and observation. The data analysis involves identifying patterns, themes, and narratives.
Outcome
The outcome is rich, deep insights that provide a detailed understanding of the context, motivations, and experiences of the research subjects.
Quantitative Data
Nature
Quantitative research is conclusive and aims to quantify the problem by generating numerical data or data that can be transformed into usable statistics. It seeks to quantify variables and generalize results from a larger sample population.
Data Type
It collects numerical data through measurable forms, which can be categorized, ranked, or put into models and statistical analysis.
Methods
Common methods include surveys with closed-ended questions, experiments, and analysis of secondary data. It employs statistical, mathematical, or computational techniques for analysis.
Outcome
The outcome is statistical, generalized results that can forecast outcomes, measure variables, and establish relationships between them.